The NMA issued a communiqué after an emergency meeting at its Aba zonal headquarters on Sunday.
Doctors at the Abia State University Teaching Hospital Aba (ABSUTH) are owing 25 months, while those at the Health Management Board (HMB) are owed 13 months.
NMA lamented the plight of the impacted doctors, warning that if government fails to meet its demands, they will damage the state's health sector.
Health facilities will be locked down until the salary backlog is cleared.
The NMA said that the government should be held responsible for the action.
